Integers:

Powers of two
    practice problem 2.2

Setting individual bits
Clearing individual bits / Masking
Toggling individual bits
    practice problem 2.8
    practice problem 2.12

Extracting fields from a word

Inserting fields into a word

Signed vs. unsigned shifting
    practice problem 2.16
    practice problem 2.23

Two's complement
    practice problem 2.33

Floating point:

Representation
    practice problem 2.45
    practice problem 2.52

NaN
+/-Inf
    practice problem 2.53

Assembly:

Condition codes
    practice problem 3.14
    especially signed vs. unsigned (e.g., ja vs. jg)

Conditional branching
    practice problem 3.16

Stack frame / calling conventions
    practice problem 3.31
    practice problem 3.32

Alignment / structure packing:
    practice problem 3.42